Which concept in Buddhism is closely linked with the ultimate goal of enlightenment?

Nirvana is the concept in Buddhism that is closely linked with the ultimate goal of enlightenment. It represents a state of liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara) and is characterized by the cessation of suffering and the extinguishing of desire and attachment. Achieving Nirvana is the culmination of spiritual practice in Buddhism, where an individual attains a profound understanding of reality, transcending the limitations of the worldly existence.

In contrast, while attachment refers to the clinging to desires and material things that hinder spiritual growth, karma relates to the actions and their ethical consequences affecting one's future rebirths. Dharma pertains to the teachings and laws of Buddhism that guide practitioners on their spiritual journey. Although these concepts are essential in Buddhism and contribute to the path towards enlightenment, it is Nirvana that encapsulates the ultimate goal of attaining freedom from suffering and reaching a fully enlightened state.