How does the concept of 'original sin' differ between Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy?

The concept of 'original sin' is understood differently in Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, which is why the selected answer highlights a significant theological distinction. In Catholic doctrine, original sin is primarily viewed as a state of guilt inherited from Adam and Eve's transgression. This means that all humans are born with this guilt, which includes a propensity to sin, and it necessitates redemption through baptism to cleanse the individual of this guilt.

In contrast, Eastern Orthodoxy emphasizes that original sin is more about a fallen state or condition rather than an inherited guilt that requires individual punishment. The focus is on the transformational effects of sin in human nature and the separation from God it causes, rather than the idea that individuals are guilty for Adam and Eve's original act. Orthodox theology suggests that, while humans are affected by original sin's consequences, they are not held personally guilty for the original sin committed by the first humans.

This difference in understanding impacts how each tradition approaches sacraments, salvation, and the understanding of humanity’s relationship with God, illustrating the diversity in Christian theological perspectives.